Publications
Residential energy metabolic patterns in China: A study of the urbanization process Journal Article
Chen, Lei; Xu, Linyu; Velasco-Fernández, Raúl; Giampietro, Mario; Yang, Zhifeng
In: Energy, 215 , pp. 119021, 2021, ISSN: 03605442.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: China, Energy metabolic pattern, MuSIASEM, Urbanization
@article{Chen2021,
title = {Residential energy metabolic patterns in China: A study of the urbanization process},
author = {Lei Chen and Linyu Xu and Ra\'{u}l Velasco-Fern\'{a}ndez and Mario Giampietro and Zhifeng Yang},
url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360544220321289},
doi = {10.1016/j.energy.2020.119021},
issn = {03605442},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Energy},
volume = {215},
pages = {119021},
abstract = {textcopyright 2020 Elsevier Ltd With the expansion of the acceleration of the urbanization process, China experienced a corresponding high demand for energy, which led to significant changes in energy metabolic patterns. The application of the MultiScale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism (MuSIASEM) approach facilitates the study of the factors that determined the impressive transformation of China's residential energy metabolism since 2000. The findings revealed that the year 2009 was a turning point, when the household hours of urban areas exceeded those of rural regions. Before 2009, the residential energy metabolic rate remained relatively stable, the domination of biofuels delayed the increase in the energy metabolic rate (EMR). With the rise in the rapid growth of non-basic living energy demand, the EMR of households has rapidly increased after 2009. A complete decomposition analysis of the EMRs showed that the increase in residential metabolism was dragged down by the urbanization effect from rural households. Moreover, in respect to the energy carriers, the urbanization effect accounted for less than 10% of the total changes in the fuel and electricity EMR, which indicates that energy performance, in regard to the lifestyles in both urban and rural households, will bring about new challenges to China's energy-saving and energy structure refining policies.},
keywords = {China, Energy metabolic pattern, MuSIASEM, Urbanization},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
textcopyright 2020 Elsevier Ltd With the expansion of the acceleration of the urbanization process, China experienced a corresponding high demand for energy, which led to significant changes in energy metabolic patterns. The application of the MultiScale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism (MuSIASEM) approach facilitates the study of the factors that determined the impressive transformation of China's residential energy metabolism since 2000. The findings revealed that the year 2009 was a turning point, when the household hours of urban areas exceeded those of rural regions. Before 2009, the residential energy metabolic rate remained relatively stable, the domination of biofuels delayed the increase in the energy metabolic rate (EMR). With the rise in the rapid growth of non-basic living energy demand, the EMR of households has rapidly increased after 2009. A complete decomposition analysis of the EMRs showed that the increase in residential metabolism was dragged down by the urbanization effect from rural households. Moreover, in respect to the energy carriers, the urbanization effect accounted for less than 10% of the total changes in the fuel and electricity EMR, which indicates that energy performance, in regard to the lifestyles in both urban and rural households, will bring about new challenges to China's energy-saving and energy structure refining policies.
The energy metabolism of China and India between 1971 and 2010: Studying the bifurcation Journal Article
Velasco-Fernández, Raúl; Ramos-Martín, Jesus; Giampietro, Mario
In: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 41 (1), pp. 1052–1066, 2015, ISSN: 13640321.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: China, Energy, India, Multi-scale integrated analysis, Societal metabolism, sustainability
@article{Velasco-Fernandez2015,
title = {The energy metabolism of China and India between 1971 and 2010: Studying the bifurcation},
author = {Ra\'{u}l Velasco-Fern\'{a}ndez and Jesus Ramos-Mart\'{i}n and Mario Giampietro},
url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364032114007515},
doi = {10.1016/j.rser.2014.08.065},
issn = {13640321},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews},
volume = {41},
number = {1},
pages = {1052--1066},
abstract = {This paper presents a comparison of the changes in the energetic metabolic pattern of China and India, the two most populated countries in the world, with two economies undergoing an important economic transition. The comparison of the changes in the energetic metabolic pattern has the scope to characterize and explain a bifurcation in their evolutionary path in the recent years, using the Multi-Scale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism (MuSIASEM) approach. The analysis shows an impressive transformation of China's energy metabolism determined by the joining of the WTO in 2001. Since then, China became the largest factory of the world with a generalized capitalization of all sectors, especially the industrial sector, boosting economic labor productivity as well as total energy consumption. India, on the contrary, lags behind when considering these factors. Looking at changes in the household sector (energy metabolism associated with final consumption) in the case of China, the energetic metabolic rate (EMR) soared in the last decade, also thanks to a reduced growth of population, whereas in India it remained stagnant for the last 40 years. This analysis indicates a big challenge for India for the next decade. In the light of the data analyzed both countries will continue to require strong injections of technical capital requiring a continuous increase in their total energy consumption. When considering the size of these economies it is easy to guess that this may induce a dramatic increase in the price of energy, an event that at the moment will penalize much more the chance of a quick economic development of India.},
keywords = {China, Energy, India, Multi-scale integrated analysis, Societal metabolism, sustainability},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper presents a comparison of the changes in the energetic metabolic pattern of China and India, the two most populated countries in the world, with two economies undergoing an important economic transition. The comparison of the changes in the energetic metabolic pattern has the scope to characterize and explain a bifurcation in their evolutionary path in the recent years, using the Multi-Scale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism (MuSIASEM) approach. The analysis shows an impressive transformation of China's energy metabolism determined by the joining of the WTO in 2001. Since then, China became the largest factory of the world with a generalized capitalization of all sectors, especially the industrial sector, boosting economic labor productivity as well as total energy consumption. India, on the contrary, lags behind when considering these factors. Looking at changes in the household sector (energy metabolism associated with final consumption) in the case of China, the energetic metabolic rate (EMR) soared in the last decade, also thanks to a reduced growth of population, whereas in India it remained stagnant for the last 40 years. This analysis indicates a big challenge for India for the next decade. In the light of the data analyzed both countries will continue to require strong injections of technical capital requiring a continuous increase in their total energy consumption. When considering the size of these economies it is easy to guess that this may induce a dramatic increase in the price of energy, an event that at the moment will penalize much more the chance of a quick economic development of India.
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